1. Acne Vulgaris
Diagnose
- Comedones, papules, pustules on face, chest, or back.
Treatment
- Topical: Benzoyl Peroxide 2.5–5% + Adapalene 0.1% gel
- Oral: Doxycycline 100 mg OD–BD
Side Effects
- Dryness, irritation, photosensitivity, gastritis
2. Tinea (Corporis/Cruris/Pedis)
Diagnose
- Annular, scaly, itchy patches on body (corporis), groin (cruris), or feet (pedis).
Treatment
- Terbinafine 250 mg OD
- Topical: Terbinafine tablets + Clotrimazole cream
Side Effects
- GI upset, headache, ↑ LFT
3. Pityriasis Versicolor
Diagnose
- Hypopigmented or hyperpigmented scaly patches on trunk.
Treatment
- Shampoo: Ketoconazole 2% shampoo
- Fluconazole 300 mg once weekly
Side Effects
- Skin irritation, nausea, hepatotoxicity
4. Scabies
Diagnose
- Intense itching, worse at night.
- Burrows in web spaces, wrists, belt line.
Treatment
- Permethrin 5% cream: Apply overnight
- Ivermectin: 200 mcg/kg
Side Effects
- Mild burning, itching, dizziness, nausea
5. Seborrheic Dermatitis
Diagnose
- Greasy scales and redness on scalp, face (eyebrows, nasolabial folds), or chest.
Treatment
- Ketoconazole 2% shampoo (twice weekly)
Side Effects
- Local irritation
6. Psoriasis
Diagnose
- Well-demarcated, erythematous plaques with silvery scales.
Treatment
- Topical Steroid + Calcipotriol
- Oral Methotrexate (if severe): 7.5–25 mg weekly
Side Effects
- Skin atrophy, irritation, hepatotoxicity, marrow suppression
7. Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)
Diagnose
- Dry, itchy, eczematous patches, often in flexures.
Treatment
- Moisturizers + Topical Steroid (Hydrocortisone 1%)
- Or Tacrolimus 0.1%
Side Effects
- Skin atrophy, burning sensation
8. Urticaria
Diagnose
- Transient, itchy wheals (hives) that appear and disappear.
Treatment
- Cetirizine 10 mg OD
Side Effects
- Drowsiness, dry mouth
9. Melasma
Diagnose
- Symmetrical brown patches on cheeks, forehead, upper lip.
Treatment
- Hydroquinone 2–4% cream
- Sunscreen SPF 30+
Side Effects
- Irritation, ochronosis (rare)
10. Vitiligo
Diagnose
- Well-defined depigmented patches.
Treatment
- Topical Tacrolimus 0.1%
- Topical Corticosteroids
Side Effects
- Burning sensation, skin atrophy
11. Impetigo
Diagnose
- Honey-colored crusted lesions, usually around mouth and nose.
Treatment
- Mupirocin 2% ointment
- Cephalexin 500 mg QID
Side Effects
- Local irritation, GI upset
12. Herpes Zoster
Diagnose
- Painful grouped vesicles in a dermatomal distribution.
Treatment
- Acyclovir 800 mg five times daily
Side Effects
- Nausea, headache, renal toxicity
13. Alopecia Areata
Diagnose
- Sudden patchy non-scarring hair loss.
Treatment
- Topical Corticosteroids
- Intralesional Triamcinolone
Side Effects
- Skin atrophy, irritation
14. Telogen Effluvium
Diagnose
- Diffuse hair shedding following stress, illness, or pregnancy.
Treatment
- Reassurance
- Iron supplementation if deficient
Side Effects
- GI upset with iron supplements
15. Lichen Planus
Diagnose
- Purple, polygonal, pruritic papules with Wickham striae.
Treatment
- Topical Corticosteroids
- Antihistamines for itching
Side Effects
- Skin atrophy, drowsiness
16. Viral Warts
Diagnose
- Hyperkeratotic papules caused by HPV.
Treatment
- Salicylic Acid 17–40%
- Cryotherapy
Side Effects
- Skin irritation, blistering
17. Drug Eruption (Fixed)
Diagnose
- Sudden rash after starting a drug, often symmetric and itchy.
Treatment
- Stop offending drug + Topical steroid (BD)
Side Effects
- Skin thinning, irritation
18. Paronychia
Diagnose
- Redness, swelling, pain around nail fold, may have pus.
Treatment
- Warm soaks + Mupirocin (Topical)
- Or Cephalexin 500 mg QID (Oral)
Side Effects
- Local irritation, diarrhea
19. Onychomycosis
Diagnose
- Thickened, discolored, brittle nails, often with debris.
Treatment
- Terbinafine 250 mg OD
Side Effects
- GI upset, ↑ LFT
20. Herpes Simplex
Diagnose
- Recurrent painful blisters or sores, usually on lips or around mouth.
Treatment
- Acyclovir 400mg TDS
Side Effects
- Nausea, headache
21. Androgenic Alopecia (Male)
Diagnose
- Gradual thinning of hair on scalp, recession of hairline.
Treatment
- Minoxidil 5% + Finasteride 1 mg OD
Side Effects
- Scalp irritation, ↓ libido, ED
22. Cellulitis
Diagnose
- Red, warm, swollen, tender skin, often with fever.
Treatment
- Amoxicillin-Clavulanate 625mg TDS
Side Effects
- Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting.
23. Tinea Cruris (Jock Itch)
Diagnose
- Itchy, red scaly rash in groin and inner thighs.
Treatment
- Terbinafine 250 mg OD
- Topical: Terbinafine cream BD
Side Effects
- GI upset, headache, ↑ LFT
24. Tinea Pedis (Athlete's Foot)
Diagnose
- Scaling, macerated papules, fissures and burrows on feet.
Treatment
- Terbinafine 250 mg OD
- Topical: Terbinafine cream BD
Side Effects
- GI upset, headache, ↑ LFT
