Lump Examination
• Number
• Shape
• Size
• Relation with two bony structures or with midline
• Skin over the swelling
• Erythema
• Scar
• Sinus
• Fistula
• Any visible pulsations
(Pulsatile cough impulse in case of indirect inguinal hernia)
Palpation points
• Shape
• Size
• Relation with two bony structures or with midline
• Consistency
• Surface
• Margins
• Tenderness
• Pulsations
• Erythema
• Local rise in temperature
• Fixed to underlying structures
• Skin above the swelling
• Fluctuation test (present in cystic swelling)
📝 How to Present the Examination Findings
On Inspection: A solitary globular swelling of size approximately 5×7 cm is present over the upper one-third of forearm, approximately 3 cm below the tip of olecranon process and 20 cm above the ulnar styloid process. The skin above the swelling appears smooth, with no erythema, sinus, or pulsation.
On Palpation: A solitary globular lump of size 5×7 cm is present over the upper one-third of forearm, 2.5 cm below the tip of olecranon process and 21 cm above the ulnar styloid process. The lump is firm in consistency, has a smooth surface and smooth margins, is non-tender and non-pulsatile, with no erythema or local rise in temperature. It is fixed to the underlying structure (muscle/tendon), not attached to overlying skin. Fluctuation as well as trans illumination not present . The skin above the swelling is smooth.
